科学家发现消除不愉快记忆的方法
Are there any memories youd like to permanently remove from your head?是不是有些记忆你想要从头脑中永久移除？
Are there any memories youd like to permanently remove from your head?是不是有些记忆你想要从头脑中永久移除？Or what if you could alter unpleasant memories so theyre no longer upsetting? Or create entirely new memories of events that never occurred?或者，如果有某种手段可以重写你的不无聊记忆，让你仍然失望，你实在怎么样？甚至让你的大脑分解全新的、未曾再次发生过的记忆呢？It sounds like the stuff of science fiction, but according to a new documentary that premiered in the US recently, scientists have discovered how to do just that—and more.这听得一起像科幻小说里的桥段。不过根据美国近日播映的一部纪录片的讲解，科学家只不过早已告诉怎么构建上面这些“科幻”了，而且还好比这些。
Memory Hackers, from PBSs NOVA documentary strand, looks at cutting edge research into the nature of memory, and how it might be manipulated for mankinds benefit.美国公共广播公司的“NOVA”系列科普节目近日发售了一部取名为《记忆黑客》的纪录片，描写了科学家对记忆本质展开的尖端研究，并以此造福人类的过程。For much of human history, memory has been seen as a tape recorder that faithfully registers information and replays it intact, say the films makers.本片制作人回应：“在大部分人类历史中，记忆就像一台磁带录音机：心目中的纪录信息，然后按原音纠错。”But now, researchers are discovering that memory is far more malleable, always being written and rewritten, not just by us but by others. We are discovering the precise mechanisms that can explain and even control our memories.“不过现在，研究者找到，记忆只不过十分可塑，可以大大重写。
而重写的人可以是我们自己，也可以是其他人。我们早已找到了需要精确说明、甚至掌控我们记忆的大脑运行机制。”Among the documentarys subjects is Jake Hausler, a 12-year-old boy from St. Louis who can remember just about every single thing he has experienced since the age of 8.12岁的男孩杰克·豪斯纳是本片中参予试验的人之一。
来自圣路易斯的他完全能确切的忘记自己8岁以来经历过的每件事。Jake is the youngest ever person to be diagnosed with Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory, which makes it difficult for him to distinguish between trivial and important events from his past.在所有患“极端自传式记忆症”的人中，杰克年龄大于。他辨别不出有记忆中哪些是不值一记的小事，哪些是有一点忘记的大事。
Forgetting is probably one of the most important things that brains will do, says Andre Fenton, a prominent neuroscientist who is currently working on a technique to erase painful memories. We understand only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to human memory.知名神经学家安德烈·芬顿致力于避免伤痛记忆的研究。他回应：“‘记得’可以说道是大脑必须掌控的最重要的机能之一。在对人类记忆展开的研究方面，我们目前找到的还只是冰山一角。”Other interviewees include Julia Shaw, psychology professor at London South Bank University, who has designed a system for implanting false memories, and has successfully convinced subjects theyve committed crimes that never took place.伦敦南岸大学的心理学教授茱莉亚·肖也是受访者之一。
她设计了一种可以向人脑植入错误记忆的系统，这种系统能让受试者错误的以为自己有过犯罪行为。The films makers also speak to clinical psychologist Merel Kindt, who has discovered that medication can be used to remove the negative associations of some memories—through which she has managed to cure patients of arachnophobia.本片制作人还专访了临床心理学家梅雷尔·金迪特。
金迪特找到，可以通过药物避免很差的记忆，她就曾在蜘蛛恐惧症患者身上顺利运用了这个方法。
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